Which one of the following statements about the Eka Movement and Bardoli Satyagraha is correct?

Option (C) — The Bardoli Satyagraha was a campaign against the enhancement of land revenue, while the Eka Movement was a protest against excessive extraction of rents.

• The Bardoli Satyagraha (1928) in Gujarat, led by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, was a no-tax campaign by peasants against a 22% increase in land revenue imposed by the colonial government.
• The Eka Movement (1921-22) was a peasant movement in the Hardoi, Bahraich, and Sitapur districts of Awadh (not Varanasi/Mirzapur) against oppressive rent extraction by taluqdars and landlords.
• The Eka Movement was initially supported by Congress and Khilafat leaders like Madari Pasi but later moved beyond Congress control. The taluqdars were the oppressors, not the leaders.
• Bardoli is located in the Surat district of Gujarat, not in Saurashtra.

• (a) The Eka Movement was throughout supported and organized by the Congress while Bardoli Satyagraha was initially independent of Congress influence: Incorrect. The Eka Movement initially had Congress/Khilafat involvement but later went beyond their control. Bardoli was organized by Congress leader Vallabhbhai Patel from the beginning.
• (b) The Eka Movement was provided leadership by the taluqdars of Awadh: Incorrect. The taluqdars were the exploiters against whom the peasants were protesting, not the leaders of the movement.
• (c) The Bardoli Satyagraha was a campaign against the enhancement of land revenue, while the Eka Movement was a protest against excessive extraction of rents: Correct. Bardoli opposed the increase in government land revenue, while the Eka Movement opposed excessive rent demands by landlords.
• (d) The Eka Movement was located in the Varanasi and Mirzapur districts: Incorrect. It was in the Hardoi, Bahraich, and Sitapur districts of Awadh. Also, Bardoli is in Gujarat (Surat district), not Saurashtra.