Which of the following geographical features or phenomena is/are associated with the Peninsular Block of India ? 1. Submergence of parts of the western coast due to tectonic activity 2. Presence of residual mountain ranges such as the Veliconda hills and Mahendragiri hills 3. Deep, V-shaped river valleys formed by fast-flowing rivers

Option (B) — Statements 1 and 2 are correct

• The Peninsular Block is one of the oldest and most stable landmasses of India, formed mainly of Archaean gneisses and schists.
• Its relief includes residual mountains, low plateaus, broad shallow valleys, and rounded hills shaped by prolonged erosion.
• The western coast of India shows evidence of submergence, while the eastern coast is largely an emergent coast.
• Peninsular rivers are mostly mature, flowing through shallow valleys with low gradients, unlike Himalayan rivers.

• Statement 1. Submergence of parts of the western coast due to tectonic activity: Correct. The western coast is a submerged coast, evidenced by features like the Gulf of Khambhat and Gulf of Kachchh.
• Statement 2. Presence of residual mountain ranges such as Veliconda and Mahendragiri hills: Correct. These are residual hills of the Eastern Ghats within the Peninsular Block.
• Statement 3. Deep, V-shaped river valleys formed by fast-flowing rivers: Incorrect. Peninsular rivers flow through broad, shallow valleys as they are in a mature stage; deep V-shaped valleys are characteristic of Himalayan rivers.